Friday, January 25, 2008

Does “Female circumcision” really exists in the United States?







A recent article in Marie Claire about Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), also called “female circumcision,” uncovers the practices still occurring throughout the world. The World Health Organization (WHO), who is “responsible for providing leadership on global health matters”, fights against this practice.



Even more surprising than the fact that FGM still occurs, is that FGM is a ritualistic practice among immigrants in the United States. Only 16 states sanction against the FGM, but if the practice is defined as a cultural belief, families can get away without penalty or imprisonment.

Families who practice FGM give different reasons, whether social, cultural, religious or hygienic. Most disturbing is the reasoning that by cutting the clitoris or the labia a woman will maintain fidelity. While many medications and solutions in America prevent issues about female hygiene, there seems to be no data to support that FGM as opposed to cultural and religious pressures curbs infidelity. FGM is not a medically or morally viable solution to those issues.

An ever-growing number of opponents to “female circumcision” is growing throughout the world. The WHO estimates between 100 and 140 million women and girls in the world have suffered from FGM. As far as the U.S. is concerned, at what point does FGM become an issue that needs to be dealt with on the sociopolitical stage?

From a medical standpoint, those women and girls are enduring physical and psychological affects from FGM, including anxiety, depression, or humiliation. If you are a victim of FGM, how do you regain a sense of femininity and sexuality? What solutions are available?

For many immigrant women, sex is still a taboo subject. However, in America, sex and sexuality is openly discussed on TV, in magazines, and on the radio. These conflicts of culture become a psychological, emotional and physical issue for women integrating into the American culture.

We need to bring awareness to the countries where this practice started but also need to bring awareness to well-developed countries, like the U.S. who allow FGM to take place.

If you have had experiences with FGM or know someone who has, please share them with us by commenting.



Aigline, The Business Shrink Intern
The Business Shrink: Understanding the Psychology of Business and Money

Wednesday, January 23, 2008

Are Kids Affected by Violent Games?

Just think about all the violent games available to kids these days. Resident Evil, Grand Theft Auto, 300, Call of Duty, Halo, and not to mention the hundreds of online shooting games, are merely a small portion of the many violent games out there. These games all show similar ideas; grab a weapon and start killing. Violent games may give children a lowered value of human life, and recently, they have been blamed for increasing violence in children and teens.

Many people are taking a stand against these games, including top Prosecutor Kym Worthy. According to DetNews.com, Worthy warns parents about her “Top 10 violent video games” saying, “Please do not buy these video games and bring them into your home,” Worthy said. “It desensitizes (children) to violent acts.”


There is some good research that reinforces Worthy’s opinion. Research shows that violent television has been a big issue with causing violent behavior. Psychologists have done some interesting studies on violent television and video games, and according to PsychologyMatters.org, negative effects caused by violent games are more severe. Douglas Gentile, PhD, and Craig Anderson, PhD have three main reasons, which are “(1) the games are highly engaging and interactive, (2) the games reward violent behavior, and because (3) children repeat these behaviors over and over as they play”.

Violent video games are getting into the wrong hands and can cause some serious psychological problems in kids. According to MediaFamily.org, “A recent report showed that 45% of heavy video game players and nearly a third of avid gamers are in the 6 to 17 year old age group (NPD Group Inc., 2006).” It becomes clear that parents need to know what kind of games they are allowing their children to play, or at least monitor their usage.

Some game reviews do not show the severity of the violence. If you would like to check out video games before you buy them, go to Gametrailers.com, which shows reviews and trailers of video games. This may help you make a better decision about each video game your child plays.

If you have had any experience with this subject, or you have any additional concerns, please feel free to leave a comment.

By Emily the Intern at
The Business Shrink: Understanding the Psychology of Business and Money